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Not screaming my head off, like the passengers in his car. |
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s the situation is today, the beam traffic (such as, for instance, the SIPEM system) competes economically with roadbuses. The total cost for investments and operation is about 3 times more than the cost for buses as figured per person and kilometer. But in 15 years time from today (1997) the cost of resources for the limited amount of land, material, labor and energy required by the beam traffic for transporting one person one kilometer will have a big influence on the ticket price. By that time, the cost for travelling with the beam vehicles will have sunk to about half of the cost of travelling on a roadbus. Measured as cost to the community, the beam traffic will be even more superior, as will be clearly shown from the listing below. |
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1.1 The beam traffic is planned, as appears on the web-page "Where to Erect the Beams", for shorter walking distances to the nearest stop than for roadbuses.
1.2 During peak traffic hours, the beam traffic buses (i.e. those vehicles that run according to time tables) provide shorter waiting times than the road buses.
1.3 Outside of peak traffic hours (i. e. evenings and week-ends) there would be a surplus of beam vehicles waiting at the stops for travelers (i.e. one gets the same service as in the case of taxicabs).
1.4 The stops for embarking and disembarking takes about the same time (but has to be endured more seldom for the beam traffic traveler). The vehicle movements take longer time in the beam traffic system, but it takes shorter time for the passengers to get on and off. The bus goes into the curb and out again. The beam vehicle cabin lowers itself and then goes back up (at least in the SwedeTrack concept). Entering the bus is usually done through one door, either at the front or at the back, in order for someone to check tickets. In modern buses there are also ticket automats at the other doors. The beam cabins let people on and off through all doors, on both sides, and checking the magnetic cards are done automatically.
1.5 Buses can not move faster than the traffic in general in the streets. They have to stop for traffic lights and crossing traffic in the same way as the private cars, although many cities are alleviating this problem by giving the buses right-of-way and reserved traffic lanes. The beam vehicles travel considerably faster, and they do not get in each others way so that they have to stop unnecessarily. A properly designed beam network coupled with automatic control of the whole traffic flow sees to that. |
1.6 In the comfortable beam traffic cabins there is a seat for everybody. During peak traffic hours, many commuters in city buses have to travel standing. The "Sardin-can-travelers" are a hardy bunch. One gets used to this mode of travelling after a while, but one never grows to like it.
1.7 Buses are constantly heaving, especially when stopping and turning. The beam vehicle cabins sway in response to the centrifugal force when turning, which provides more comfortable travelling.
1.8 Road buses have quite high steps, which makes it rather cumbersome to bring along byby carriages and big parcels. This level difference will be insignificant with the beam cabins. Since they don't need wheels and springs underneath, their floors can come much closer to the ground.
1.9 The beam traffic traveler has to endure much fewer stops and change between vehicles than the road bus traveler. This certainly influences travel comfort.
1.10 Traffic safety is considerably higher in the traffic separated beam traffic.
1.11 Personal safety becomes higher through shorter walking distances and waiting times at the stations, better control of embarking passengers, and improved possibilities of getting the attention of personnel at the information centers.
1.12 The beam traffic could also be used for freight- and car transports, which the buses are not suited for. This lowersoverall costs and improves general usability. |
In conclusion, the travelers will get considerably shorter walking distances, waiting times, waiting to change vehicle and actual travel times in the beam traffic than is the case with road buses.
2.2 City buses in the developed countries are increasingly allocated reserved bus lanes and separate streets, which are not paid for by the commuters, but by the taxpayers. For a proper comparison of costs to the community, both types of traffic should pay for their respective conduits to the community purse. If the travel costs for the road traffic is redistributed for social reasons is another matter.
2.3 It is an easy observation that bus lanes as a rule are not used as efficiently as the lanes used by private cars. Let us assume, for instance, that the buses during peak traffivc times carry 40 times as many passengers as the cars (i.e. 48 persons versus 1.2), and that the cars passes a certain point at the rate of one car every second. Then the buses would have to pass the same point at the rate of one every 40 seconds in order to provide for the same passenger flow. One rarely sees buses coming that close behind one another! The degree of utilization of the occupied ground is thus even lower than for the cars.
2.4 Further costs for land for bus garages comes on top of this. The car owners take care of this themselves (in the inner suburbs the cars are parked in the streets).The beam vehicles need no garages.
2.5 The energy consumption per person and kilometer is much larger for motor buses than for beam buses.
2.6 In the outer suburbs and during low traffic hours the bus companies have to accept unavoidable inefficiency because of empty seats in the buses. This inefficiency is considerably reduced for the beam-carried buses.
2.7 The road buses are vulnerable to snowstorms that block the roads. The traffic could also be hampered by strikes by the drivers. These situations contributes to production losses for the whole community. They are not an issue with the beam traffic system.
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2. Cost of Resources

The cuts in other expenses give room for investing in comfort. This beambus, illustrated above, need not be broader than a regular city bus (3 meters versus about 3.2 m) although slightly longer (14.7 meters versus 12 m). Yet, it takes only 36 seated passengers, which is about 75 % of what the streetbus would take. The "comfy" seats would require a beambus of about 4 meters width, but this would probably make it unstable; not a good idea.
The beambus could thus provide larger seats, better leg room and better access, having wide doors on both sides of the cabin. The beambus could conceivably be made broader than the streetbus, since it does not have to consider other traffic in parallell traffic lanes. It remains to be seen if the stability for really wide beam vehicles would be a problem.
2.1 The road buses have expenses for drivers, which the beam buses are not saddled with. Salaries for busdrivers constitute 50 - 60 % of the price of the ticket in most industrial countries. In addition, there is a bigger overhead for ticket sellers, control personnel and maintenance staff for maintaining motorbus traffic, than it is to maintain beambus traffic. ![]()
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3. Social Costs
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3.1 The poorly paid busdrivers suffers more often than other worker categories from heart diseases, bad backs and cancer through stress, passivity and exhaust gases. This creates more personal suffering and higher hospital bills for individuals and the community.
3.2 Bus trips are long in duration, and this reduces the distances and the time frames whithin which disadvantaged persons like kids and handicapped is able to get an education, get employment and use for personal development. The beam traffic expands these possibilities for everybody. |
3.3 The road buses contributes more to traffic accidents among unprotected
travelers than the traffically separated beam vehicles.
3.4 The road buses create class differences also in the traffic. To bring it to a head, the upper class rides taxicabs in the bus lanes, the middle class ride their cars in the car lanes and the lower class ride by bus. The beamcars create no such class distinctions.
3.5 The road buses also contribute to the housing segregation insofar as they support the separation between areas with multi-family housing, having good bus communications and private housing areas, where the inhabitants usually need private cars in order to get to where they want. |
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4.1 Diesel buses contribute heavily towards pollution of the environment. Also buses propelled by etanol give off nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. Beam vehicles produces no exhaust gases at all.
4.2 Road buses contributes heavily to the noisy urban environment. The sound of the beam vehicles will hardly be noticeable. |
4.3 Road buses contribute, with their heavy wieght, to road wear. The weight of the beam cars is transferred by way of the poles down into the ground.
4.4 Re-use and reclamation of bus parts is limited for the time being. The beam system components, on the other hand, could, thanks to the open interfaces between the various components, as a rule be used somewhere else. They would also be constructed with a complete reclamation in view. |
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